The otherworldly architecture of zaha hadid biography
Zaha Hadid
Iraqi architect (–)
For the architectural firm, see Zaha Hadid Architects.
Dame Zaha Mohammad HadidDBE RA (Arabic: زها حديدZahā Ḥadīd; 31 October – 31 March ) was an Iraqi-British architect, artist and designer, recognised as a key figure in architecture of the lateth and earlyst centuries.
Born in Baghdad, Iraq,[1] Hadid studied mathematics as an undergraduate and then enrolled at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in In search of an alternative system to traditional architectural drawing, and influenced by Suprematism and the Russian avant-garde, Hadid adopted painting as a design tool and abstraction as an investigative principle to "reinvestigate the aborted and untested experiments of Modernism [] to unveil new fields of building".[2]
She was described by The Guardian as the "Queen of Curves",[3] who "liberated architectural geometry, giving it a whole new expressive identity".[4] Her major works include the London Aquatics Centre for the Olympics, the Broad Art Museum, Rome's MAXXI Museum, and the Guangzhou Opera House.[5] Some of her awards have been presented posthumously, including the statuette for the Brit Awards.
With several awards and accolades to her name, she has also been recognized by the Forbes List as one of the "World's Most Powerful Women"[6][7][8] Several of her buildings were still under construction at the time of her death, including the Daxing International Airport in Beijing, and the Al Wakrah Stadium (now Al Janoub) in Qatar, a venue for the FIFA World Cup.[9][10][11]
Hadid was the first woman to receive the Pritzker Architecture Prize, in [12] She received the UK's most prestigious architectural award, the Stirling Prize, in and In , she was made a Dame by Elizabeth II for services to architecture, and in February , the month preceding her death,[13] she became the first woman to be individually awarded the Royal Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects (Ray Eames and Sheila O'Donnell had previously been awarded it jointly with Charles Eames and John Tuomey respectively).[14][15]
Early life and family
Zaha Hadid was born on 31 October in Baghdad, Iraq, to an upper-class Iraqi family.[16] Her father, Muhammad al-Hajj Husayn Hadid, was a wealthy industrialist from Mosul.
He co-founded the socialist al-Ahali group in , a significant political organisation in the s and s.[16] He was the co-founder of the National Democratic Party in Iraq[16] and served as minister of finance after the overthrow of the monarch after the Iraqi coup d'état for the government of General Abd al-Karim Qasim.
Her mother, Wajiha al-Sabunji, was an artist from Mosul[17] while her brother Foulath Hadid was a writer, accountant and expert on Arab affairs.[18] Hadid once mentioned in an interview how her early childhood trips to the ancient Sumerian cities in southern Iraq sparked her interest in architecture.
In the s, Hadid attended boarding schools in England and Switzerland.[19][20][21] Hadid was unmarried with no children.[22]
Career
Hadid studied mathematics at the American University of Beirut before moving, in , to London to study at the Architectural Association School of Architecture.[17] There she studied with Rem Koolhaas, Elia Zenghelis and Bernard Tschumi.[16] Her former professor, Koolhaas, described her at graduation as "a planet in her own orbit."[16] Zenghelis described her as the most outstanding pupil he ever taught.
'We called her the inventor of the 89 degrees. Nothing was ever at 90 degrees. She had spectacular vision. All the buildings were exploding into tiny little pieces." He recalled that she was less interested in details, such as staircases. "The way she drew a staircase you would smash your head against the ceiling, and the space was reducing and reducing, and you would end up in the upper corner of the ceiling.
The otherworldly architecture of zaha hadid biography married: In the beginning, there was the diagonal. Retrieved 17 November Zaha Hadid. Pritzker Architecture Prize.
She couldn't care about tiny details. Her mind was on the broader pictures—when it came to the joinery she knew we could fix that later. She was right.'[16] Her AA graduation thesis, Malevich's Tektonik, was a concept and design for a level hotel on London's Hungerford Bridge executed as an acrylic painting, inspired by the works of the Ukrainian suprematist artist Kazimir Malevich.
After graduation in , she went to work for her former professors, Koolhaas and Zenghelis, at the Office for Metropolitan Architecture, in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.[24] Through her association with Koolhaas, she met the architectural engineer Peter Rice, who gave her support and encouragement during the early stages of her career.[16][21] Hadid became a naturalised citizen of the United Kingdom.[17][25] She opened her own architectural firm, Zaha Hadid Architects, in London in During the early s, Hadid's style introduced audiences to a new modern architecture style through her extremely detailed and professional sketches.
At the time people were focused on postmodernism designs, so her designs were a different approach to architecture that set her apart from other designers.[21]
She then began her career teaching architecture, first at the Architectural Association, then, over the years at Harvard Graduate School of Design, Cambridge University, the University of Chicago, the Hochschule für bildende Künste in Hamburg, the University of Illinois at Chicago, and Columbia University.
She earned her early reputation with her lecturing and colourful and radical early designs and projects, which were widely published in architectural journals but remained largely unbuilt. Her ambitious but unbuilt projects included a plan for Peak in Hong Kong (), and a plan for an opera house in Cardiff, Wales, ().
The Cardiff experience was particularly discouraging; her design was chosen as the best by the competition jury, but the Millennium Commission, acting as funding body, refused to pay for it, and the commission was given to a different and less ambitious architect.[27] Hadid's response to the decision was to ask "Do they want nothing but mediocrity?".[28] Her reputation in this period rested largely upon her teaching and the imaginative and colourful paintings she made of her proposed buildings.
Her international reputation was greatly enhanced in when she was chosen to show her drawings and paintings as one of seven architects chosen to participate in the exhibition "Deconstructivism in Architecture" curated by Philip Johnson and Mark Wigley at New York's Museum of Modern Art.[5] This, a conference at the Tate in London and press coverage of her work began to not only get her name out into the architecture world, but allowed people to associate a particular style of architecture with Hadid.[21]
Early buildings (–)
Vitra Fire Station, Weil am Rhein, Germany (–)
One of her first clients was Rolf Fehlbaum, the president-director general of the Swiss furniture firm Vitra, and later, from to , a member of the jury for the prestigious Pritzker Architecture Prize.
In , Fehlbaum had invited Frank Gehry, then little-known, to build a design museum at the Vitra factory in Weil-am-Rhein. In , he invited Hadid to design a small fire station for the factory. Her design, made of raw concrete and glass, was a sculptural work composed of sharp diagonal forms colliding together in the centre. The design plans appeared in architecture magazines before construction.
The otherworldly architecture of zaha hadid biography architect Contact About Privacy. The floors inside are visible from the exterior like geological strata. In , Hadid became the first female recipient of the Pritzker Architecture Prize. Pritzker Architecture Prize [ edit ].When completed, it only served as a fire station for a short period of time, as Weil am Rhein soon opened their own fire station. It became an exhibit space instead, and is now on display with the works of Gehry and other well-known architects. It was the launching pad of her architectural career.
Bergisel Ski Jump, Innsbruck, Austria (–)
Hadid designed a public housing estate in Berlin (–) and organised an exhibition, "The Great Utopia" (), at the Guggenheim Museum in New York.
Her next major project was a ski jump at Bergisel, in Innsbruck Austria. The old ski jump, built in , had been used in the and Winter Olympics. The new structure was to contain not only a ski jump, but also a cafe with seats offering a degree view of the mountains. Hadid had to fight against traditionalists and against time; the project had to be completed in one year, before the next international competition.
Her design is 48 metres high and rests on a base seven metres by seven metres.
The otherworldly architecture of zaha hadid biography buildings architecture death The shape of the building is wave-like and the overall view is unique and harmonic. Her architectural style was called "extravagant", the buildings were described as "Challenging the logic of construction". Contact us at: civil irispublishers. London: Thames and Hudson.She described it as "an organic hybrid", a cross between a bridge and a tower, which by its form gives a sense of movement and speed.
Contemporary Arts Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (–)
At the end of the s, her career began to gather momentum, as she won commissions for two museums and a large industrial building.
She competed against Rem Koolhaas and other well-known architects for the design of the Contemporary Arts Center in Cincinnati, Ohio (–).[31] She won, and became the first woman to design an art museum in the United States. At 8, square metres, the museum was not huge, and her design did not have the flamboyance of the Guggenheim Bilbao of Frank Gehry, built at the same time.
But the project demonstrated Hadid's ability to use architectural forms to create interior drama, including its central element, a metre long black stairway that passes between massive curving and angular concrete walls.
Spittelau Viaducts Housing Project, Vienna, Austria (–)
In , Hadid was commissioned by the city of Vienna to design and construct a three-part scheme for the urban redevelopment of an area adjacent to the Danube Canal.[33] Situated along the Spittelauer Lände, the series of buildings interact with and cross over the railway viaduct by Viennese Modernist architect Otto Wagner, a protected structure.[34] In its initial design consisting of five buildings, the mixed-use scheme, described as a "sculpture-like overbuilding" of the historic Stadtbahn railway,[35] was designed by Hadid's practice ZHA.
Hadid, together with British architectural artist Brian Clarke, developed an unexecuted collaborative proposal for the project that incorporated integral artworks by Clarke as part of the Neo-Futurist structures, with interrelated glass mosaic and traditionally-leaded stained glass forming part of the cladding and fenestration of the complex.[36] Clarke developed a new type of mouth-blown glass for the scheme, which he christened 'Zaha-Glas'.[37] Later reduced to three buildings, the project, which experienced delays in construction, was completed in ,[33] without the artwork.
Phaeno Science Center, Wolfsburg, Germany (–)
In , she won an international competition for the Phaeno Science Center,[38] in Wolfsburg, Germany (–).
The otherworldly architecture of zaha hadid biography book Rail Engineer. She had spectacular vision. Without rejecting the use of high technology in design, Zaha Hadid nevertheless continued to manually draw building designs and make mock-ups. Her next major project was a ski jump at Bergisel, in Innsbruck Austria.The new museum was only a little larger than the Cincinnati Museum, with 9, square metres of space, but the plan was much more ambitious. It was similar in concept to the buildings of Le Corbusier, raised up seven metres on concrete pylons. Unlike Corbusier's buildings, she planned for the space under the building to be filled with activity, and each of the 10 massive inverted cone-shaped columns that hold up the building contains a cafe, a shop, or a museum entrance.
The tilting columns reach up through the building and also support the roof. The museum structure resembles an enormous ship, with sloping walls and asymmetric scatterings of windows, and the interior, with its angular columns and exposed steel roof framework, gives the illusion of being inside a working vessel or laboratory.
BMW Administration Building, Leipzig, Germany (–)
In , she won the competition to design a new administrative building for the factory of the auto manufacturer BMW in Leipzig, Germany.
The three assembly buildings adjoining it were designed by other architects; her building served as the entrance and what she called the "nerve centre" of the complex. As with the Phaeno Science Center, the building is hoisted above street level on leaning concrete pylons. The interior contains a series of levels and floors which seem to cascade, sheltered by tilting concrete beams and a roof supported by steel beams in the shape of an 'H'.
The open interior inside was intended, she wrote, to avoid "the traditional segregation of working groups" and to show the "global transparence of the internal organisation" of the enterprise, and wrote that she had given particular attention to the parking lot in front of the building, with the intent, she wrote, of "transforming it into a dynamic spectacle of its own".
Ordrupgaard Museum extension, Copenhagen, Denmark (–)
In , she began another museum project, an extension of the Ordrupgaard Museum near Copenhagen, Denmark, a museum featuring a collection of 19th century French and Danish art in the 19th-century mansion of its collector.
The new building is 87 metres long and 20 metres wide, and is connected by a five-metre wide passage to the old museum. There are no right angles – only diagonals – in the concrete shell of the museum. The floor-to-ceiling glass walls of the gallery make the garden the backdrop of the exhibits.
Pritzker Architecture Prize
In , she won the Pritzker Architecture Prize, the most prestigious award in architecture, though she had only completed four buildings – the Vitra Fire Station, the Ski Lift in Innsbruck Austria, the Car Park and Terminus Hoenheim North in France, and the Contemporary Art Center in Cincinnati.[41] In making the announcement, Thomas Pritzker, the head of the jury, announced: "Although her body of work is relatively small, she has achieved great acclaim and her energy and ideas show even greater promise for the future."[42]
Major projects (–)
Zaragoza Bridge Pavilion, Zaragoza, Spain (–)
Between and , Hadid ventured into the engineers' domain of bridge construction, a field also occupied by other top architects including Norman Foster and Santiago Calatrava.
Between and , she designed and built the Bridge-Pavilion of Zaragoza, which was both an exhibit hall and a bridge, created for Expo , an event on the themes of water and durable development. The concrete bridge span on which the pavilion rests is 85 metres long, as measured from the Exposition site to an island in the Ebro River. The bridge carries or is attached to four tunnel-like exhibition spaces she termed "pods", which spread onto the island, for a total length of metres.
The pods are covered with a skin of 26, triangular shingles, many of which open to let in air and light. The bridge-pavilion, characteristic of her designs and buildings of the period, is composed entirely of diagonal slopes and curves, with no right-angles of orthogonal forms. By its curving shape and low profile, the bridge-pavilion fits smoothly into the grassy landscape along the river.
Sheikh Zayed Bridge, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (–)
Between and , she constructed a much more ambitious bridge, the Sheikh Zayed Bridge, which honors Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, between the island of Abu Dhabi and the mainland of Abu Dhabi, as well as to the Abu Dhabi International Airport.
Both the design of the bridge and the lighting,[44] consisting of gradually changing colours, were designed to give the impression of movement. The silhouette of the bridge is a wave, with a principal arch metres long, standing 60 metres above the water. The total span of four lanes is metres (2, feet) long, and also includes pedestrian walkways.
The bridge was inaugurated on November 25, , by the late UAE President Sheikh Khalifa. The ceremony was also attended by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, marking her second state visit to the UAE. Traffic on the bridge commenced three days following the opening ceremony.[46]
National Museum of Arts of the 21st Century (MAXXI), Rome, Italy (–)
The National Museum of Arts of the 21st Century (MAXXI for short), in Rome, was designed and built between and The main theme of its architecture is the sense of movement; Everything in the structure seems to be moving and flowing.
Hadid took inspiration from the surrounding orthogonal site grids to determine the overall form. The facade belongs to her earlier period, with smooth curving white walls and an austere black and white colour scheme. The building is perched on groups of five very thin pylons, and one gallery with a glass face precariously overhangs the plaza in front of the museum, creating shade.
Rowan Moore of The Guardian of London described its form as "bending oblong tubes, overlapping, intersecting and piling over each other. The imagery is of flow and movement and it resembles a demented piece of transport architecture. Inside, black steel stairs and bridges, their undersides glowing with white light, fly across a void.
They take you off to the galleries, which are themselves works of frozen motion. The design is intended to generate what Hadid called "confluence, interference and turbulence",[48]
Guangzhou Opera House, Guangzhou, China (–)
In Hadid won an international competition for her first project in China.
The Guangzhou Opera House is located in a new business district of the city, with a new storey glass tower behind it. It covers 70, square metres and was built at cost of US$ million. The complex comprises an 1,seat theatre, a multipurpose theatre, entry hall, and salon. A covered pathway with restaurants and shops separates the two main structures.
This building, like several of her later buildings, was inspired by natural earth forms; the architect herself referred to it as the "two pebbles". It appears akin to two giant smooth-edged boulders faced with 75, panels of polished granite and glass. Edwin Heathcote, writing for the Financial Times, noted Hadid's concentration on how her design could transform the urban landscape of Guangzhou, as the building rose as the centre of the new business area.
He wrote in that Hadid "produced a building that seems to suck the surrounding landscape into a vortex of movement and swirling space appears both as alien object in a landscape of incomprehensible vastness (and often overwhelming banality), and as an extrusion of the peculiar nature of this landscape."[50] Nicolai Ourousoff, architecture critic of the New York Times, wrote that "stepping into the main hall is like entering the soft insides of an oysterThe concave ceiling is pierced by thousands of little lights—it looks like you're sitting under the dome of a clear night sky." Ourousoff noted that the finished building had construction problems: many of the granite tiles on the exterior had to be replaced, and the plaster and other interior work was poorly done by the inexperienced workers, but he praised Hadid's ability "to convey a sense of bodies in motion" and called the building "a Chinese gem that elevates its setting."[51]
Major projects (–)
Riverside Museum, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (–)
The Riverside Museum (–), on the banks of the River ClydeGlasgow, Scotland, houses the Glasgow Museum of Transport.
Hadid described the 10,square metre building, with 7, square metres of gallery space, as "a wave", "folds in movement", and "a shed in the form of a tunnel, open at the extreme ends, one end toward the city and the other toward the Clyde." Like many of her buildings, the whole form is only perceived when viewed from above.
The facades are covered with zinc plates, and the roofline has a series of peaks and angles. The interior galleries caused some controversy; visitors who came to see the collection of historic automobiles found that they are mounted on the walls, high overhead, so it is impossible to look into them. Rowan Moore of The Guardian of London wrote: "Obviously the space is about movementOutside it is, typologically, a supermarket, being a big thing in a parking lot that is seeking to attract you inIt has enigma and majesty, but not friendliness."[53]
CMA CGM Tower, Marseille, France (–)
Hadid's first built tower, the CMA CGM Headquarters in Marseille, France, is most immediately notable for its dual vertical form.
According to Zaha Hadid Architects, "The curving profiles on the exterior facades work with the central core of the building, bringing a rigid frame and a sense of movement to this completely new typology of tower.”[54] The 94,square metre building, which resembles a ship’s prow, is the highest in the town at m and has a capacity of desks, an seat company restaurant, a seat auditorium, a maritime museum, a fitness room and training rooms.[55]
London Olympics Aquatics Centre, London, United Kingdom (–)
Hadid described her Aquatics Centre for the Summer Olympics in London as "inspired by the fluid geometry of water in movement".
The building covers three swimming pools, and seats 17, spectators at the two main pools. The roof, made of steel and aluminium and covered with wood on the inside, rests on just three supports; it is in the form of a parabolic arch that dips in the centre, with the two pools at either end. The seats are placed in bays beside the curving and outward-leaning walls of glass.
At £ million, the complex cost three times the original estimate, owing principally to the complexity of the roof. This was the subject of much comment when it was constructed, and it was the first Olympic building begun but the last to be finished. It was praised by architecture critics. Rowan Moore of The Guardian said that the roof "floats and undulates" and called the centre "the Olympics' most majestic space".[57]
Broad Art Museum, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States (–)
The Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan, Hadid's second project in the United States, has a space of 4, square metres, dedicated to contemporary art and modern art and an historical collection.
The parallelogram-shaped building leans sharply and seems about to tip over. Hadid wrote that she designed the building so that its sloping pleated stainless steel facades would reflect the surrounding neighbourhood from different angles; the building continually changes colour depending upon the weather, the time of day and the angle of the sun.
As Hadid commented, the building "awakens curiosity without ever truly revealing its contents". Elaine Glusac of The New York Times wrote that the architecture of the new museum "radicalizes the streetscape".[59] The Museum was used in a scene of the Batman vs. Superman movie.[60]
Galaxy SOHO, Beijing, China (–)
Many of Hadid's later major works are found in Asia.
The Galaxy SOHO in Beijing, China (–) is a combination of offices and a commercial centre in the heart of Beijing with a total of , square metres, composed of four different ovoid glass-capped buildings joined by multiple curving passageways on different levels. Hadid explained, "the interior spaces follow the same coherent formal logic of continual curvilinearity." The complex, like most of her buildings, gives the impression that every part of them is in motion.
Last completed major projects (–)
Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan (–)
The Heydar Aliyev Center in Baku, Azerbaijan (–) is a gigantic cultural and conference centre containing three auditoriums, a library and museum, with a total space of 10, square metres on a surface of 15, square metres, and a height of 74 metres.
Hadid wrote that "its fluid form emerges from the folds of the natural topography of the landscape and envelops the different functions of the centre", though the building when completed was largely surrounded by Soviet-era apartment blocks. Peter Cook in Architectural Review called it "a white vision, outrageously total, arrogantly complete&#; a unique object that confounds and contradicts the reasonable&#; a wave form sweeping up, almost lunging, into the sky&#; here is architecture as the ultimate statement of theatre&#; It is the most complete realisation yet of the Iraqi-born architect's vision of sweeping curves and flowing space."[63]
Consisting of eight storeys, the centre includes an auditorium with seats, exhibition space, conference hall, workshop and a museum.
No straight line was used in the project of the complex. The shape of the building is wave-like and the overall view is unique and harmonic. Such an architectural structure stands for post-modernist architecture and forms oceanic feeling. The lines of the building symbolise the merging of past and future.
While the building itself was widely praised, Dame Zaha was criticized in many circles when she was awarded Britain's most prestigious prize in architecture, the Design Museum "Design of the Year," the first woman to do so.
The building was named for the former ruler of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev, and commissioned by his son, Illham, who became president after his father's death in Hugh Williamson, director of Human Rights Watch for Europe and the Central Asian division, called Aliyev "an authoritarian leader and so is his son." The former Soviet secret police general ruled for 30 years, first as its Communist leader and then as its president.
Amnesty International accused him of human rights abuses, balloting irregularities and intimidating the opposition while in power. Several architecture critics who admired the work itself felt that Dame Zaha should have raised questions about this repressive leader even as she accepted the commission, and other critics questioned the UK granting its most prestigious architecture award to a building which memorialized a vicious Soviet dictator.[64]
Dongdaemun Design Plaza, Seoul, South Korea (–)
The Dongdaemun Design Plaza (–) is among the largest buildings in Seoul, South Korea.
Its name means "Great Gate of the East", in reference to the old walls of the city. The complex of 86, square metres contains exhibition space, a museum of design, conference rooms and other common facilities, as well as the bureaux and a marketplace for designers which is open 24 hours a day. The main building is metres long with seven levels, including three levels underground.
The smooth-skinned, giant mushroom-like structure floating atop sloping pylons is made of concrete, aluminium, steel and stone on the exterior, and finished inside with plaster reinforced with synthetic fibre, acoustic tiles, acrylic resin, and stainless steel and polished stone on the interior. Hadid wrote that the principal characteristics of her design were "transparency, porousness, and durability." It also features many ecological features, including a double skin, solar panels, and a system for recycling water.
Library and Learning Center, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria (–)
The Library and Learning Center was designed as the centrepiece of the new University of Economics in Vienna.
Containing 28, square metres of space, its distinctive Hadid features include walls sloping at 35 degrees and massive black volume cantilevered at an angle over the plaza in front of the building. She described the interior as follows: "The straight lines of the building's exterior separate as they move inward, becoming curvilinear and fluid to generate a free-formed interior canyon that serves as the principal public plaza of the Center, as well as generating corridors and bridges ensuring smooth transitions between different levels."[66]
Serpentine Sackler North Gallery, Kensington Gardens, London, United Kingdom (–)
The Serpentine Sackler Gallery is a synthesis of two distinct parts – the 19th century classical brick structure named The Magazine (a former gunpowder store), and a 21st-century tensile structure.
This is the second art space (after the MAXXI Museum in Rome) where Zaha Hadid Architects worked on the melding of both old and new elements. Zaha Hadid's Magazine extension on the original Grade II building was aided by the reinstatement of the building to an historic arrangement as a free-standing pavilion within an enclosure, with the former courtyards covered.
The North Gallery extension features Hadid's distinct hallmark of curves, and houses a series of skylights which welcome natural light into the space as well as retractable blinds when less light is needed.[67] Hadid also worked in collaboration with architect and heritage specialist Liam O'Connor, whose reconstructions and conversions of the original space were designed in consultation with English Heritage and Westminster City Council.
The extension houses internal exhibition spaces as well as the museum shop and offices for the curatorial team.
Innovation Tower, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (–)
The Innovation Tower in Hong Kong (–) is part of Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
The otherworldly architecture of zaha hadid biography Since the age of 12, Zaha aspired to become an architect, but she was not inclined to join Cambridge University and had hoped to go to the American University of Beirut. Her various works were also attributed to neofuturism and parametrism. Hadid had to fight against traditionalists and against time; the project had to be completed in one year, before the next international competition. AD Middle East.The building of 15 floors has 15, square metres of space, with laboratories, classrooms, studios and other facilities for 1, students and their faculty. It was built on the site of the university's former football pitch. The extremely complex forms of the building required computer modelling. Early designs experimented with a facade made of reinforced plastic, textiles or aluminium, but Hadid finally settled upon metal panels with multiple layers.
The building seems to lean towards the city. The floors inside are visible from the exterior like geological strata.
Wangjing SOHO Tower, Beijing, China (–)
Wangjing SOHO tower in Beijing is the second building Hadid designed for the major Chinese property developer, located half-way between the centre of Beijing and the airport.
The towers slope and curve; Hadid compared them to Chinese fans, "whose volumes turn one around the other in a complex ballet." The tallest building is metres high, with two levels of shops and 37 levels of offices. A single atrium level three storeys high joins the three buildings at the base.
Issam Fares Institute, AUB, Beirut, Lebanon ()
The Issam Fares Institute is located in the campus of the American University of Beirut (AUB).
It won the Agha Khan Award in , the same year Hadid died. It has a 21 meters cantilever in order to preserve the existing landscape. The institute aims to harness, develop and initiate research of the Arab world to enhance and broaden debate on public policy and international relations. It is currently headed by Joseph Bahout[70]
Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre, Nanjing, China (–)
The Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre are two skyscrapers in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Tower 1 is metres (1,&#;ft) tall and Tower 2 is metres (&#;ft). Construction began in and ended in
Port Authority, Antwerp, Belgium ()
Of all her works, Hadid designed only one government building, the Port Authority Building, or Havenhuis, in Antwerp, Belgium, completed in Most new government buildings attempt to express solidity and seriousness, but Port Authority, a ship-like structure of glass and steel on a white concrete perch, seems to have landed atop the old port building constructed in The faceted glass structure also resembles a diamond, a symbol of Antwerp's role as the major market of diamonds in Europe.
It was one of the last works of Hadid, who died in , the year it opened. The square in front of the building was renamed to Zaha Hadidplein (Zaha Hadidsquare) to honor her death.
Death
On 31 March , Hadid died of a heart attack at the age of 65 at Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami, where she was being treated for bronchitis.[71][72]
The statement issued by her London-based design studio announcing her death read, "Zaha Hadid was widely regarded to be the greatest female architect in the world today".[73] She is buried between her father Mohammed Hadid and brother Foulath Hadid in Brookwood Cemetery in Brookwood, Surrey, England.[74]
In her will she left £67m, bequeathing various amounts to her business partner and family members.
Her international design businesses, which accounted for the bulk of her wealth, were left in trust.[22][75]